The phrase “other half” does not always refer to one’s partner. The meaning behind the tattoo is more powerful than ever and the addition of flowers gives the paw tattoo a nice touch. One can use bold outlines to make the tattoo more noticeable.ĭo not let the simplicity of this tattoo fool you. It is always safe to say that the love towards our pets is timeless and permanent. A paw tattoo, combined with a heart or heart, signifies a pet owner’s profound love for their pet. Visually, however, the tattoo looks wonderful and it clearly expresses the pure affection for the pet.Īnimals have the extraordinary ability to comfort us without uttering any words. The two paws shown in the photo above do not really change the meaning. They just want to express pure endearment towards their pet. This tattoo is for someone who really does not ask for much from his/her tattoo artist. However, if looked at closely, the simple combination of the paw and the heart represents a work of genius! Below are some cool tattoo designs:Īt first glance, it may look like an ordinary paw tattoo. This makes the tattoo look quite simple and doesn’t attract a lot of attention. Paw print tattoos can also sometimes be quite small in size. It signifies that the memories of your beloved pet will forever live on in your heart. The meaning behind this tattoo is still the same as it was with the previous two tattoos. In terms of visuals, it’s not much but the meaning is quite deep. The paw print tattoo above shows that an owner’s love towards their pet cats or dogs is the most beautiful and powerful thing ever. It shows the inexpressible love you had and always will have towards it. This unfading paw tattoo is a wonderful way to honor the passing of your pet. They portray the profound love between the owners and their pets. Memorial paw tattoos also commemorate pet cats or pet dogs that have just passed away. The dotwork style also makes the tattoo above look very realistic. The paw print tattoo above is an ideal choice for a person who has the ability to withstand difficult conditions in life.Ĭat owners can also get this tattoo just to express or declare their timeless love for their pet cats. Since cats are known to have nine lives, they represent resilience. This tattoo is a perfect fit for a person who is fully independent and does not rely on anyone. Here are some cat paw tattoo ideas below:Īs discussed before, cat paw tattoos stand for independence. These tattoos can also stand for fearlessness, boldness, and purpose. That said, a dog paw print tattoo can also signify the need for protection and guidance.Ĭat paw tattoos portray aspects of self-confidence and independence. Someone can also get this tattoo to express their own loyalty or reliability as a person.Īpart from being loyal, dogs also protect their owners from all sorts of danger. There’s no denying the fact that a dog is the most faithful and loyal animal in the world. Below are some cool dog paw tattoo designs for you to pick from:Ī dog owner can get this type of tattoo in order to manifest or display the eternal love for a pet, that will continue to last even after the dog passes away. These tattoos can also represent loyalty. 30 Awesome Heart Tattoos With Meaningful DesignsĪ dog paw tattoo signifies the need for protection and guidance.
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They can be used offline but have to be connected to the internet every 28 days to maintain the license. Subscription licenses are available for SketchUp Shop, SketchUp Pro, and SketchUp Studio. Upon expiration, your license automatically renews if you have activated auto-renewal otherwise, your access to the product ends. Currently, only annual subscriptions are available. When you subscribe, you pay upfront for the full term (one year) of your subscription. It is best when you intend to use the software short-term. Subscription licenseĪ subscription license allows you to use SketchUp for one year. These licenses are classified according to the period of use, and number of users. Trimble offers several license types for SketchUp. This product is a package that includes SketchUp Pro, Sefaira (a building energy analysis program), VR/AR (Augmented Reality) apps, collaboration tools, and cloud storage. You can analyze HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), energy use, daylighting, and occupants thermal comfort, before you build. SketchUp Studio’s advanced features allow you to design energy-efficient buildings. It has an easy-to-use user interface, as well as intuitive tools that help you design your building easily. This is an advanced version of SketchUp Pro that has some additional industry-specific features for the architecture and construction industry. You can also geo-locate models, export animation videos, and produce construction drawings. In addition to the features of SketchUp Shop, SketchUp Pro allows users to carry out to 2D documentation and advanced visualization such as VR (Virtual Reality) model viewing. Unlike SketchUp Shop, it is a desktop version and has to be downloaded and installed on a desktop computer or laptop. SketchUp Pro comes next in terms of functionality. A SketchUp Shop subscription is independent of any other SketchUp product or plan. Although SketchUp Shop can be used on any device, it works best on a laptop or desktop computer. All you need are a Trimble ID, an internet connection, and a compatible browser. It comes with limited functionality but still allows you to create, edit, and view models import and export data and collaborate online, anywhere, and on any device. This is a subscription-based, web version of SketchUp that can be accessed through web browsers. The following are the different SketchUp products in ascending order of capability. We must know what each of these products offers before we explore their cost. This is to ensure that there is something for both hobbyists and professionals alike. SketchUp has a lineup of products that differ by level of functionality. Upgrade, maintenance, and support (UMS).MSRP from our partners who sell SketchUp Pro licenses may vary.These are single licenses and not networked. Contact your reseller about Institutional Laptop Licenses and if your school qualifies. Networked Lab Licenses cannot be used for commercial (for-profit) work of any kind.Research and Facilities/Planning departments within educational institutions do not qualify.Networked Lab Licenses that have not expired can be upgraded to the newest version at no charge (original expiration date applies).For all orders Networked Lab Licenses expire one years from the date the license was generated.Networked Lab Licenses are only available to accredited educational institutions and not-for-profit organizations with instructional facilities for use in instructional settings.Labs will need to have a connection to the public Internet to authorize and use the license. The license file used by Networked Lab Licenses is managed in the cloud.Networked Lab Licenses are intended for installation on computers in a networked lab situation, and are floating network licenses. The shape later evolved into a rounded form these were later called Nuremberg eggs. Many of the movements included striking or alarm mechanisms. The movement was made of iron or steel and held together with tapered pins and wedges, until screws began to be used after 1550. The face was not covered with glass, but usually had a hinged brass cover, often decoratively pierced with grillwork so the time could be read without opening. They were heavy drum shaped brass cylinders several inches in diameter, engraved and ornamented. These 'clock-watches' were fastened to clothing or worn on a chain around the neck. The first timepieces to be worn, made in 16th-century Europe, were transitional in size between clocks and watches. History Ī pocket watch, retrieved from shipwreck of Titanic from unknown victim of sinking Early watches only had an hour hand, the minute hand appearing in the late 17th century. Thereafter, pocket watch manufacture spread throughout the rest of Europe as the 16th century progressed. Peter Henlein, a master locksmith of Nuremberg, was regularly manufacturing pocket watches by 1526. By the end of the 15th century, spring-driven clocks appeared in Italy, and in Germany. Also common are fasteners designed to be put through a buttonhole and worn in a jacket or waistcoat, this sort being frequently associated with and named after train conductors.Īn early reference to the pocket watch is in a letter in November 1462 from the Italian clockmaker Bartholomew Manfredi to the Marchese di Mantova Federico Gonzaga, where he offers him a "pocket clock" better than that belonging to the Duke of Modena. Ostensibly practical gadgets such as a watch winding key, vesta case, or a cigar cutter also appeared on watch chains, although usually in an overly decorated style. Chains were frequently decorated with a silver or enamel pendant, often carrying the arms of some club or society, which by association also became known as a fob. Women's watches were normally of this form, with a watch fob that was more decorative than protective. This fob could also provide a protective flap over their face and crystal. Watches were also mounted on a short leather strap or fob, when a long chain would have been cumbersome or likely to catch on things. Pocket watches generally have an attached chain to allow them to be secured to a waistcoat, lapel, or belt loop, and to prevent them from being dropped. They were the most common type of watch from their development in the 16th century until wristwatches became popular after World War I during which a transitional design, trench watches, were used by the military. Video was taken with 10 X-ray images per second.Ī pocket watch (or pocketwatch) is a watch that is made to be carried in a pocket, as opposed to a wristwatch, which is strapped to the wrist. X-ray video of a pocket stopwatch with a clear visible mechanics of the watch. How to download each track separately ?.The latest updated version of the mixer along with an an updated web browser is required to use this feature. Panning is allowed with any Karaoke Version Custom Backing Tracks and can be done by sliding the grey slider to the left or right. Panning allows you to create distinct effects by adjusting the track’s sounds to left or right.The "classic" interface will show up and from there, the instructions are the same. What happens if I've already purchased the tracks?įrom your account, under "My Files", you just need to click "Change". When you have selected your key, click on "Reload" and your new Custom Backing Track will be generated accordingly. In order to change the key of your Custom Backing Track, you just need to click on the arrows next to the "Add to cart" button.How can I change the key of my Custom Backing Track?.Nevertheless, we're doing our best to complete the custom accompaniments catalog. We do not currently have the separated mixes for all of our instrumental tracks, and unfortunately the audio multi-track conversion is long and complex. If the title is not currently available in any format, you can always request it with the suggestion tool. If we already have the instrumental track, then you can suggest the accompaniment MP3 by clicking on the envelope on the related page.What if I can't find the Custom Backing Track I want?.If you're still experiencing problems, then try another computer.A "clipping" sound may be caused by a slow computer system, so close any unneeded programs and keep only your browser open.Restart your browser, and eventually try again with a different browser if needed.If you're having preview problems, then here's how to solve them: Before your first order, you can check out our custom accompaniment tracks with one of the free titles. However, the generated custom tracks will always be well synchronized and noiseless. The preview tool may sometimes provide a lower-quality sample.What should I do if the preview doesn't sound correct?.You must download the MP3 version to hear your Custom Backing Track in full version, including your modifications (volumes, pitch.). Because the generation of a Custom Backing Track is long and complex, you'll only hear a short extract of your customization in real-time.Why do I only hear a sample although I've bought this track?.All the files you've already bought are available in "My Files." You can modify all of the custom accompaniment tracks, including ones you purchased months ago. Absolutely! Once you've purchased a song, all subsequent mixes are unlimited and free.Can I modify my MP3 custom backing track after having purchased my order?.When the mixing is finished, you can download it just like any other file. You can follow your order on your My Files page. To receive the best sound quality, the final mixing of your MP3 files can take a few minutes. Once your order is validated, the final mixing of the file begins.ĭownloading the custom accompaniment track If you have any doubts about your custom track, don't worry, you can always customize your Backing Track afterwards. To the right of each individual track, you can use the "Mute" button to mute that track, or the cursor to adjust its volume.Ĭlick on the "Add to Cart" button and proceed to the payment of your order. How do I create a Custom Backing Track?. If the leak is questionable or unconfirmed, please state it as such.Ĭontent that is considered spoilers may include, but are not limited to: screenshots, recordings, or discussions about characters/events/quests that have not yet been released in all servers. If a posted leak is clearly misinformation, it will be removed. However, all leaks/spoilers must be SPOILER TAGGED and leaks must be from a credible source. Users are free to post leaks and spoilers, especially those concerning Hu Tao. Simple questions about build advice should be asked in the general questions megathread Posting build cards (with Build Discussion flair) is allowed, but make an effort to ensure your build/question sparks discussion. Simple questions that do not constitute a discussion should be asked in our questions megathread pinned to our subreddit.1) Frequent reposts 2) Similar posts within a short timeframe 3) Low effort posts 4) Socially unacceptable To ensure the quality of the subreddit for everyone, the following will be removed.Provide the URL to the original post made by the artist.Self-promotion is not prohibited but is subject to removal and the following limitations: (1) No plain playthroughs, news reading, and low-quality/effort video (2) Self-promotional videos must be informative.Selling in set only Get great deals on Fan Merchandise. Submissions that depict partial nudity or are suggestive should be marked as NSFW. Buy Official Genshin Impact Sweets Paradise 75mm Can Badge (Hu tao/Xiao) Set in Ampang,Malaysia. Submissions that involve the following contents are prohibited: (1) Sexual activities (2) Full nudity 3) Anything that involves sexual fantasy and fetish,this applies to text posts as well Xiao X Hu Tao Quotev Featured Quizzes & Stories 312 pages 2 weeks ago Vanilla-san Genshin Impact Reader Venti Bennett Chongyun Xiao Razor Albedo Kaeya Kaedehara Kazuha Ningguang. All submissions should be primarily relevant to Hu Tao or Genshin Impact.Please stick to basic discussion etiquette and refrain from insulting or harassing others. It is natural that people have different opinions. When we splashed a bit of water onto our skin, a little bit of lipstick was removed, but our foundation stayed in place. However, the water-resistance test showed a minor hiccup - this spray isn’t completely waterproof. Once the spray was applied, we thought it almost felt too hydrating at first, but once it dried, our skin and makeup looked incredibly smooth without feeling cakey. We were skeptical at first, but later found that it was surprisingly comfortable and lightweight on our skin. Micro-Setting Mist offers solid makeup protection and a refreshing layer of hydration for a budget-friendly price. | Finish: Dewy, radiant | Best for: Normal, dry, combination, and oily skinĪ good setting spray doesn’t have to cost a fortune, and the E.l.f. During international travel, it kept our face looking dewy and feeling refreshed despite longer flights and jet lag.įunctions: Priming, hydrating, setting | Size: 2.87 oz. How it's held up: We found that this product kept our makeup looks in place throughout the holidays and even while out on New Years Eve, which impressed us. As Selena Gomez once said, “the heart wants what it wants," and our heart (and skin) says yes to this spray. Its versatility and reasonable cost makes this setting spray ideal for a daily beauty routine. The size of the bottle (almost 3 oz.) is also a plus, because you’re getting a good amount of product for the price. While the initial spray was light, we got more product after the next two pumps and were entranced by the smell - a fusion of gardenias, lotuses, and waterlilies. There was also minimal transfer to the towel we used to dry off, which was quite impressive. This setting spray is completely waterproof and kept our makeup looking pristine, even after splashing our face with water. We noticed that this spray seemed to melt into our foundation and even appeared to shrink the size of our pores, giving us a natural, glowing look. This light mist pampered us with its refreshing feeling as it settled onto our skin, as promised with its 4-in-1 technology (hydrate, prime, set, refresh). It’s rare that a product checks every box, but this setting spray from Rare Beauty by Selena Gomez did just that. Requires a few pumps to get a solid spray Taye Diggs, Cody Christian, Karimah Westbrook also star. Meanwhile, Layla (Greta Onieogou) hits a dead end with her lawsuit, so Patience (Chelsea Tavares) takes matters into her own hands knowing Coop won’t be happy when she finds out. Jordan (Michael Evan Behling) gets sidelined during a game, but his eagerness to get back on the field might have a long-term consequence. Laura (Monet Mazur) grows concerned about Olivia’s (Samantha Logan) sobriety when she notices a change in her behavior, resulting in Laura doing something that could jeopardize their relationship. Taye Diggs, Monet Mazur, Samantha Logan and Karimah Westbrook also star.Īfter Spencer (Daniel Ezra) gets some sage advice, he and the team rally around Chris (guest star Spence Moore II) to help him with his trauma, leaving Spencer to realize it’s time to be honest with Coop (Bre-Z) to get over his. Meanwhile, Coop (Bre-Z) wants to make a music video and turns to the community to help, while Layla and her dad face off about Patience (Chelsea Tavares). Even though Asher (Cody Christian) is still suspended, he tries to prove himself to Montes (guest star Alexandra Barreto) and earn a potential place somehow on the team. Jordan (Michael Evans Behling) grows concerned about Simone’s (guest star Geffri Maya) behavior, but when he learns the reason why, he tries to be supportive in the way she needs. Monet Mazur, Karimah Westbrook and Chelsea Tavares also star.Įpisode 4 - My Mind’s Playing Tricks On Meįollowing Layla’s (Greta Onieogou) advice to see a therapist, Spencer (Daniel Ezra) tries to get to the root of his problem, which leads to a shocking revelation. Meanwhile, Coop (Bre-Z) is unconvinced that Tyrone’s sister, Mo (guest star Erica Peeples) has good intentions, and maybe she is just paranoid, especially when she learns of some key information pertaining to Spencer. Asher (Cody Christian) keeps trying to talk to Olivia (Samantha Logan) about the summer, but she does everything she can to avoid the issue. Now that Spencer and Billy (Taye Diggs) are gone, Jordan (Michael Evans Behling) realizes he needs to step up. Spencer decides to confide in Layla (Greta Onieogou) who might have a helpful suggestion. With the first game of the season coming up, Spencer (Daniel Ezra) starts to feel the pressure on and off the field. Monet Mazur and Karimah Westbrook also star. Meanwhile, Asher (Cody Christian) is keeping a secret from Olivia (Samantha Logan) that could jeopardize their relationship. Coop (Bre-Z) and Layla (Greta Onieogou) get into an argument over Coop’s tour paycheck, which leads Layla to discover why Patience (Chelsea Tavares) left the tour early. Jordan (Michael Evans Behling) is surprised at who the new football coach at Beverly turns out to be and that his starting quarterback position is threatened when the coach starts shaking things up. Samantha Logan, Cody Christian, Monet Mazur and Karimah Westbrook also star.Įpisode 2 - How to Survive in South Centralīoth Spencer (Daniel Ezra) and Billy (Taye Diggs) are not getting the hero’s welcome they expected from the football team and quickly realize they need to adjust their style and start earning the team’s trust first. Meanwhile, Jordan (Michael Evans Behling) and Simone (guest star Geffri Maya) struggle with saying goodbye to someone they love. Billy (Taye Diggs) is excited for a fresh start at South Crenshaw High, but he must confront something from his past first that could be a roadblock to his success. Coop (Bre-Z) and Layla (Greta Onieogou) return from tour, but while Coop tries to figure out what happened with Patience (Chelsea Tavares), she tries to learn why Tyrone’s sister is back. Spencer (Daniel Ezra) finds himself on the defense after an interview he gave comes out, upsetting his old teammates and emotions get the best of them. Season 3 Episode Guide Episode 1 - Season Pass Track your activity: Any movements in your stock must be tracked by your team.With that said, here are five tips to help you run your inventory more smoothly: Not only does it provide valuable information about your in-store stocks and available supplies, but it also helps ensure that your business is capable of meeting the demands of your consumer market. Keeping track of your inventory offers many economical benefits to your company. Thus, you need to keep a close eye on the goods and other materials in your inventory to make sure it stays up to date. Keep it updated: Your inventory changes each time you purchase, sell, or use an item. You may also see inventory list examples.ĥ. Remember to secure a backup copy of each file as well. Having an inventory database along with a printed document will make it easy for you to assess whether your records are accurate. Make sure that your paper inventory matches the entries and flow of your electronic record. Input your entries: Now that you have an outline for your inventory, it’s time to input all the information to the document. You can include more details that are necessary to how your inventory will be used.Ĥ. This includes general information about your goods including the name of the item, its product number or code, cost, stock quantity, and net value. Develop an outline of the document: It’s a good idea to begin with a checklist of items to be included in the document. You may also see accounting inventory examples.ģ. What’s convenient about a template is how they are already designed to meet standard industry requirements so you won’t have to worry about building your inventory sheet from scratch. You can browse through a collection of templates to find a format that best suits your purpose. Download a template: Look for a template that you can use as a base for your inventory. In such case, the latter would need a more specific and detailed inventory to track and control what goes in and out of their warehouse.Ģ. Small businesses are likely to carry less items on their inventory compared to large corporations. Identify your needs: For effective inventory management, you need to consider what it is that your business needs. Listed below is a step-by-step guide to help you create one:ġ. But because doing inventory can be challenging to most individuals, it’s important to come up with an inventory that will smoothen your work flow. This will make you aware of what you already have, what you need, and how you can make the most out of the resources and assets available. 19+ Inventory Templates Inventory Checklist TemplateĪn inventory helps your business keep track of the items that you use or sell. This shall hold the individual accountable for any discrepancies or errors found in the record. This is a crucial job that must be taken seriously by those assigned. This is why it’s important to note down the name and/or signature of the person responsible for taking inventory at that particular period. Signature: Only a few people in your workforce will have the authority to access your inventory. So if your company specializes in the production of goods to be distributed by wholesalers and sold by retailers, your inventory will likely include raw materials, WIP, and finished goods.Ĥ. This may fall under the category of manufacturing, merchandising, or service businesses. Assets: Inventory assets refer to the actual items listed in your inventory, which solely depends on the nature of the business you are running. It’s best to keep your headers as specific as possible to ensure clarity.ģ. The description of each item on your list would depend on the required data of the business. This typically consists of the item number, name, cost, quantity, and net value. In such cases, using an appropriate header for each column on your inventory must be observed. List Headers: Most inventory lists are enclosed in a table or spreadsheet for quick and easy management. This can also be useful for drawing comparisons between the balance of the beginning inventory and the balance of the ending inventory.Ģ. This may be used as a reference to settle possible inconsistencies in your business reports later on. Date: The date as to when the items in your inventory were accounted for must be stated correctly in your inventory sheet. The basic elements included in an inventory are as follows:ġ. Manage your inventory with ease by referring to the templates and guidelines presented in this article. Manta is also just plain fun as you fly around the park, flipping through enjoyable inversions and narrowly dodging trees and rocks. The ride isn’t too long but doesn’t feel short at all, and is smooth and comfortable except for one jolt but it doesn’t hurt at all. The positives in both the laying and flying position are very powerful and there’s other surprising forces sprinkled in the ride. Overall the ride hauls from start to finish the entire time and leaves you breathless on the brake run, despite looking slow off ride. This part of the ride offers insane bear misses with the pond, trees and roc’s and some water will hit you. The rest of the ride includes more fun and intense valleys in the flying position and one last inversion, this one being an inline twist which has a little bit of snap to it. The drop off of it provides a unique moment of airtime on a flying coaster. Another graceful roll and forceful valley takes you into the mid course, which lightly taps the train so you fly into the 2nd half. It’s insane and unlike anything else I’ve experienced. The following valley is the most sustained moment of positives in the flying position and you are absolutely hauling at this point, it’s a greyout moment but since it’s in the flying position, instead of the forces crushing down on you they push out and it feels like your eye are popping out of your head. The exit of the element slams you back down into your seat and blasts you with a short bust of positives in the flying position before entering a graceful but fun inline twist. After that you head into the massive pretzel loop, which offers super sustained, blackout level positives in the lying position. After a relaxing lift you whip down the drop, in the back you get yankee over and then get violently thrown to the side and slammed with the first moment of crushing positive G’s in the flying position. Speaking of flying coasters, I love them because it adds to the fun factor a lot and it accentuates the forces and sense of speed quite a bit, it’s a big part of why I love this ride so much. There’s also epic music playing throughout the whole queue and even on the lift hill, and there’s this really cool sound when you raise into the flying position, it sounds like you’re charging up to prepare for the insanity that is manta. Back right is my favorite seat and there usually isn’t too much of a line which is nice however the operations are terrible and this coaster does go down quite a bit. The trains look just as good as the rest of the ride and the restraints are comfortable and pretty open feeling for a Flyer, especially if you can get room which is pretty easy. The queue is cool as it is completely indoors and u pass several fish tanks. First of all I love the presentation of this ride, the colors are perfect, especially at this park and the landscaping and views you can get of the coaster are spectacular. It found it’s way into my top 10 with over 200 credits to my name. 6 years later and I finally get the chance to ride it again, and my memories of it being insane were completely accurate, manta truly is a beast. I remembered the ride being intense and crazy but I thought I was just overplaying it in my head because of how new and scary it was to me at the time. Fast forward some time and I rode many more coasters and I became more of an enthusiast, so this ride dropped. It was a complete blur while also being extremely fun, and I ranked it as my #1 at the time. When I first rode it in 2017 it was one of the first big coasters I rode and I thought it was insane. I love this coaster a lot and think it’s criminally underrated. 14 The majority of chemical burns of the eyelids are partial-thickness (first and superficial second degree) and heal spontaneously within 1 week. These attributes make sulfuric acid an effective drain cleaner, and a substantial number of accidental and intentional incidents are caused by drain cleaners. It generates significant heat when diluted and is highly hygroscopic. 12, 13 It is a corrosive, oily, colourless liquid with a specific gravity of 1.85 and a boiling point of 340☌. Sulfuric acid is one of the agents most often involved. Both acids and alkalis can cause immediate skin burns on exposure. For alkalis, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are the most common. 9- 10įor acids, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid are the most commonly seen in burns. Such burns are commonly small in size, and the most common burn areas are the face and limbs. 8 The majority of patients are of working age and acids are the most common causative agent. In developing countries, 80% of chemical burns are due to industrial exposure and 20% to physical assault. Most periorbital burns are the result of thermal injury 4 however, chemical burns are reported to comprise 1.4–8.5% of all admission cases due to burns. 2 3 Burns can be caused by heat, electricity, or chemical exposure. 1 These injuries may be associated with significant medical and psychological morbidity.2 Eye and eyelid involvement is common in facial burns, with approximately 15 to 20% of patients presenting orbital injury. L’excision-greffe précoce améliore la pronostic oculaire après brûlure par acide sulfurique Ce cas clinique illustre la nécessité d’une analyse précoce (dans les 6h) par ophtalmologiste et plasticien afin de définir une stratégie coordonnée vis à vis du globe oculaire et de la paupière. Les rapports de brûlures chimiques des paupières sont peu fréquents et il nous n’avons pas trouvé de protocole dans la littérature. Ces bons résultats persistaient à 2 mois, sans lagophtalmie ni défaut d’occlusion, avec un aspect esthétique correct. La fonction palpébrale était normale et l’occlusion oculaire complète. À J10, la greffe était totalement intégrée et le site donneur (bras droit) était cicatrisé. Nous présentons le cas d’une femme victime d’une agression intra-familiale à l’acide sulfurique, souffrant de brûlure des 2ème et 3ème degrés des paupières traitée par excision-greffe de peau totale précoce. Nous conjecturons qu’une excision-greffe précoce améliore le pronostic à long terme de ce type de brûlure. Cette stratégie comporte le risque d’une cicatrisation défectueuse source d’ectropion, d’occlusion incomplète et de kératite. There is a significant improvement in ocular healing with early excision and grafting of eyelids after sulfuric acid burnĮn cas de brûlure du 2ème ou du 3ème degré des paupières par acide sulfurique, de nombreux chirurgiens préfèrent attendre la séparation spontanée de l’escarre avant de greffer. This case report demonstrated that a multidisciplinary approach led by both ophthalmologists and plastic surgeons must be decided early (<6h) in order to achieve synergistic and coordinated management between the eye and the eyelid. No specific and codified management of eyelid chemical burns was found in the literature search. Case reports of eyelid chemical burns are very few. Two months after surgery, functional and cosmetic results were satisfying, with no postoperative lagophthalmos or difficulties with exposure-related problems. Eyelids were successfully grafted and the functions of both eyelids were well recovered, allowing complete cover of the eyeball. Ten days after surgery, we found that the graft had survived totally, and the donor site of the right arm had already healed. Here, we present the case of a woman who presented second- and third-degree burns of the eyelids secondary to physical domestic assault with acid, who had an early surgical management with a full-thickness skin graft. We propose that early eyelid release and grafting makes a significant difference in long-term outcomes and improves eyeball healing. However, this approach may miss the chance to recover the eyelids and can cause ectropion, resulting in delayed eyeball healing with exposure keratitis. During second- and third-degree eyelid sulfuric acid burns, many surgeons prefer to wait until primary wound separation occurs before grafting. |
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